According to Wikipedia, the earliest parchment copy of the work is Kringla, now in the Reykjavík National Library, catalogued as Lbs fragm 82. It is a single vellum leaf from c. 1260, a part of the Saga of St. Olaf; the rest of the manuscript was lost to fire in 1728.

According to Gutenberg files, THE CHRONICLE OF THE KINGS OF NORWAY By Snorri Sturlason (c.1179-1241), Olaf Haraldson was born 995, went as a viking at the age of twelve, 1007; visited England, one summer and three winters, 1009-1012; in France two summers and one winter, 1012-1013; spent the winter in Normandy, 1014; returned to Norway and was recognized as King, April 3, 1015; fled from Norway the winter of 1028-1029; fell at Stiklestad, July 29 (or August 31), 1030.

According to Alcuin, a Northumbrian scholar in Charlemagne's court at the time, Lindisfarne in England (Britain) was attacked in 793 AD: "Never before has such terror appeared in Britain as we have now suffered from a PAGAN RACE ... THE HEATHENS poured out the blood of saints around the altar, and trampled on the bodies of saints in the temple of God, like dung in the streets.". A cut from hWikipedia.

To be noted; "RACE" at the time was the worst thing that could be said of a man, since only the animals consists of different races, while human beings consists of different ethnic Nations of Man. A man acting like a race, is a man who acts worse than any animal on the earth.

Now we have a timeline between 793 - 1007 - 1030, that is 237 years.

The Saga of Olaf Haraldson tells how Olav Haraldsson (Olaf II of Norway, also Saint Olaf), the King of Norway, plundered in Finland and was almost killed in the battle.

First thing to do is to get the names, compass directions and geographical information from the story. Regarding geography, one important thing to know is that 1000 years ago, the Earth surface was pushed down est 12-15 meters - and it is actually still raising. Present time coast lines, were bottom of the sea 1000 years ago. Because of the land rise, many rivers that existed 1000 years ago, don't exist present time.

Names in old maps are interesting, combined with modern satellite pictures of the earths surface, as well as radiocarbon datings made. The attached picture is an old map of present time South-Sweden. Old maps are a very good source for place names. The names in the attached map are latinalized, but we can separate the Lingual DNA's (LDNA) from each other. Obviously knowing different languages is required.

Out of context taken information is a CUT. When using a cut, the source for the cut must be included. The source for the cuts below are from THE CHRONICLE OF THE KINGS OF NORWAY located at Gutenberg.org

4. KING OLAF'S WAR EXPEDITION.
He first sailed to DENMARK and TOWARDS AUTUMN he sailed EASTWARD to the SWEDISH DOMINITIONS.

5. OLAF'S FIRST BATTLE.
The SAME AUTUMN Olaf had his first battle at Sotasker, which lies in the SWEDISH SKERRY CIRCLE.

6. FORAY IN SVITHJOD.
King Olaf steered thereafter eastwards to SVITHJOD, and into the LAG. Other places mentioned is SIGTUNA, OLD SIGTUNA, STOKSUND and GOTLAND in where he remained over the winter.

7. THE SECOND BATTLE.
He sailed east to EYSYSSEL.

8. THE THIRD BATTLE.
After this they sailed to FINLAND and plundered there, and from there to DENMARK following FINLANDS EAST COAST.

Now we can start the evaluation but we do it in opposite direction starting from 8. THE THIRD BATTLE since the exact location of the battle in FINLAND at this point is unknown. Beside the the Chronicle of the Kings of Norway, we use other historical sources verifying the information by radiocarbon datings made, old and new maps verifying names using LDNA, and so forth.

The only place that resamble a little bit of of "Herdaler" is located in South Finland; Hirdal near the present time town of Ingå. But the geography don't match.

Hirdal in South Finland: Google Maps

One detail in the chronicle help us to find "Herdaler": There was a time after the Ice Age when present time Norway-Sweden-Finland was an Island - but Finland had NO EAST COAST at the time of king Olaf. Finland at the time is west of present time Finland: In present time Sweden. "Herdaler" must be found there.

How far up he went to the country through the forest can be estimated. "Up" can mean North. One detail is that the king did not do business but stole even common house goods. Another is that he is also known as Saint Olof. Note the contradiction - that is common in religions and pseudoscience.

"Witchcraft" among many others ("pagan", "of wrong religion", "lower race", and so forth) is strictly connected to religious/pseudoscientific (see also racism, fascism) excuses for holocaust of human beings.

"Balagard" is the second name we have to find in the maps. Beside the name, the geography and history over all must match as well.

The names are "Herdaler" and "Balagard" in Finland. Norway, Denmark and Finland existed as lands 1000 AD. Finland had an army, that followed the kings ship on the east coast of Finland, on its way to Denmark.

The "royal race that never have mixed with another race" -ideology in fact was a Gothic custom: The royals married their own more or less close relatives, a custom that at the end led to both physical and mental disorders and finally extinction: History Answers

The "witchcraft" and "royal race" with connection to both pseudoscience and religion must be checked up. So we must get information of the religions in Europe at the time. But first we must find the location of "Herdaler" and "Balagard" in West-Finland. According to the chronicle, king Olaf and his troops walked to "Herdaler" and back during a day. "Herdaler" must be quite close to "Balagard".

We find both "Herdaler" and "Balagard" in present time map of Sweden. Present time name of "Herdaler" is Härjedalen (Berserk valley) and present time name of "Balagard" is Dalarna (Valleys).

Herdaler/Härjedalen: Google Maps.

Balagard/Dalarna: Google Maps.

1000 years ago, Lake Siljan and Lake Orsa almost in the middle of "Balagard", were a little bit bigger forming one big lake. Also the rivers leading to the east coast from the lakes was at the time of king Olaf wider. "Herdaer" and "Balagard" are provinces with borders present time, but not 1000 years ago.

"Herdaler" and "Balagard" names does not contain the typical LDNA of Latin, however, the LDNA of ALA in "B[ala]gard" is very common in Finnish. In short it means a safe bordered area. The more north we travel in present time Sweden, the more Finnish place names there are.

This is West Finland 1000 years ago where the Third Battle took place. The geography match, the compass direction match and the names match. I am not 100% sure but most likely, king Olaf's ships were on the north shore of Lake Orsa, from where he went northwards through the woods, approximately 10-15 kilometers, to Herdaler. There somewhere are the remains of the Finlanders dwellings. Somewhere between the dwellings and lake Orsa are some graves. The Finnish and Gothic DNA might be found there - - - if that part of the saga is truth.

Speaking of genetics, new DNA Study proves that "Vikings" weren’t all blonde-haired, blue-eyed Europeans. Early records of the location of the Goths point at preset time Zagros mountains in Iran. The DNA of the Goths is not typically Nordic. The DNA of the Goths must also show inbreeding since the Goths married their own more or less close relatives.

Now when we can check other sources for more information and matches.

The Church History include details that help us resolve the rest. According to it;

SVERIGE (Sweden) is present time name. Most likely the original name was written GWERIGE in where "RIGE" means "kingdom". The GWE is the initials of king Gustaf Wasa Eeriksson (Gustav I, real name Gustav Eriksson, born 1496 and dead 1560) - Wikipedia, Gustaf Wasa Bibel. The Gustaf Wasa Bible established the use of the Swedish language and the "Swedish Å" was added in the alphabet.

- 990 at Skara, the capital of the country of the Goths (Gauthiod)
- included the Counties of Skaraborg, Elfsborg, and Vermland.
- suffragan to Hamburg (990-1104)
- to Lund (1104-64)
- to Upsala (1164-1530)

A land known as "Sweden" did not exist at the time of king Olaf. Present time south Sweden, was at the time known as Gauthiod. The capital city of it was Skara. The country of the Goths Gauthiod, was a suffragan to Hamburg; The center of the Gothic form of Christianity and its operations in North-Europe at the time was Hamburg. Many details points on that the North-European Nations of Man were Christian prior the spread of Christianity.

Google Maps, Skara.

According to made radiocarbon dating, the oldest parts of Gothic style church in Skara, derive from around year 1000 AD. The Gothic style church in Skara. Buildings older than 1000 AD is in ruins around it.

In short terms, even today, the King of Sweden is subject to religion. According to the Swedish law, if the King of Sweden changes his religion, he loses his crown.

Regarding the Migration Period and the migration of the Goths from "Sweden", we now know the way of the Goths by the Gothic style churches built in Europe. Goths took over in Rome est 450 AD. Goths attacked England 793 AD, Denmark, West-Finland (present time south Sweden) 829 AD and Norway 995 AD according to University of Texas map "Spread of Christianity", showing approximate dates of conversion of Christians to Christianity.

Now we have enough facts and can evaluate these in the chronicle properly, as well as the chronicle itself. We start from 7. THE SECOND BATTLE:

4. KING OLAF'S WAR EXPEDITION.
5. OLAF'S FIRST BATTLE.
6. FORAY IN SVITHJOD.
7. THE SECOND BATTLE.

Here comes old maps handy. There are older maps but here we use the Homann Map of Scandinavia 1730 because of its details. The sea below present time Sweden, east of Denmark - were by the Goths called East Sea - in this map "De Oost Zee". A syssel is a historical type of country subdivision in Denmark.

Of 7. THE SECOND BATTLE
He sailed to a country subdivision of Denmark. In Eysyssel he "plundered, pursued those who fled, and laid waste the land with fire and sword".

Of 6. FORAY IN SVITHJOD
Because "Sweden" is mentioned as well as other names like "Sigtuna" and "old Sigtuna - as well as referring to "witchcraft", "royal race" and other evidence provided above, the chronicle has been manipulated - or the original has been destroyed and been rewritten - after 1500 AD.

Sigtuna and old Sigtuna is located between Stockholm and Uppsala - that according to the Church history and other evidence provided above, was Swedish first after 1500 AD. Now we know that we don't have to examine 4. KING OLAF'S WAR EXPEDITION and 5. OLAF'S FIRST BATTLE in detail.

Sigtuna, Google Maps.

"The Viking Age" is by evidence a hoax.

The Goths attacked England in 793. Parts of the people in England (Celts) fled "North way!" and landed in present time Norway. According to this theory, Norway got its name from The Celts.

The only evidence of this are the TUNA ending names in present time Sweden, that according to LDNA is a mutation of the English TOWN word. When the Goths arrived to Norway, part of the Celtic poplulation fled again - this time to east, to West-Finland (present time Sweden). There is a bunch of TUNA ending names in present time Sweden to be found.

Eskilstuna (Eskils Town) for example: According to the legend from the 14th century, Eskil was an English monk (Celtic leader, Christian) who was killed by Asa believers (Goths, Christianity) in Strängnäs at the end of the 11th century. During the Reformation time, basically everything was demolished and the Gothic - or depending on time - Swedish king built a castle of the remains.

Eskilstuna, Google Maps.

Eskilstuna, Wikipedia.

"The viking Age" is by evidence a hoax.

The Goths (not "Vikings") are present time described as "politically powerful group of traders and explorers"; National Geographics with a reference to The Nature.

The physical as well as lingual Gothic DNA is different than Norwegian, Danish and Finnish DNA. One of the reasons is that they married their more or less close relatives. Not only that they "plundered, pursued those who fled, and laid waste the land with fire and sword" and "we burned and destroyed everything, killed all the men, took the women and children captive, and plundered a lot of cattle and horses." - present time they even steal deceased human beings they killed identity, showing up their DNA as "Viking DNA" - that never have existed.

Face the fact that the DNA of the men they killed, as well as the DNA of the women and the DNA of the children they took captive, is not "Viking" nor Gothic DNA. Nothing they stole is of "Viking" nor Gothic origin.

The Goths (not "Vikings") did not invent anything, but stole everything they could and destroyed whatever they could not steal. They did not find America - the native North and South Americans did find America. They did not foun Russia - in fact they was constantly in war with Russia because Russians were "of wrong religion"; Orthodox. They did never travelled "the silky Way".

"Witches", "Pagans", "Lower race" and so on, are all excuses for a holocaust - related by the deeds to names like Isis, Nazism, Facism and Racism. Only in religion and pseudoscience a killer is titled Saint. The name change in course of history, the weapons change in course of history, but the deeds are the same. In genetics it is called "match".

In the 4th century the Goths invaded Rome and the religion in Rome changed from Christian to Christianity. Because all of the wars, and the split in between Pope and Luther (Reformation), the Goths in the North was cut off and alone. They changed religion from the Gothic Christianity to Luheran Christianity and the wars against "pagans", "of wrong faith", "witches", "lower races" - persecution of the Christians continued.

Vinland in the map actually matches the map of Sweden after 1500 AD. One of many forgeries backing up the pseudoscientific "Viking" age, that like it has been described, has never existed. Sweden lost all of the wars in history that it have started. "The Vikings" was created as a support for Swedish Church, King and Noblemen - the "royal race" - that because of bad rulership has become smaller and smaller. What was left after the 1808-1809 war against Finland, is what is shown in the "Vinland" map and present time map of Sweden. Most likely, the Vinland map was made after 1600 AD.

These kind of stone settings were used to bend trees used when constructing a boat. The ship builder who built boats was buried on his shipyard after he passed away.

This is a picture of 6000-8000 years old petroglyph in north Carelia - on the shore of White Sea. The longboats the Finns made 6000-8000 years ago with sail - most likely made of skin. Atleast 10 men is in the boat. An animal is brought to the boat. If the Finns knew how to built longboats 6000-8000 years ago, then it must have been known everywhere. How do you think the first Man got to the Isle of Man (England) for example?

In North Karelia where those carvings are, contain a huge amount carvings of everyday life, how people lived 6000 - 8000 years ago. That way of living, apply not only to the Finns, but to all European Nations of Man; hunting, whaling, skiing, giving birth to a child and so on - and a connections in between the Nations. A litte bit different story than told in the history books and pseudoscientific saagas.